10 classic-editor-remember: classic-editor
11 date: "2020-11-21T10:12:57+00:00"
12 guid: http://juplo.de/?p=1185
15 title: How To Instantiatiate Multiple Beans Dinamically in Spring-Boot Depending on Configuration-Properties
16 url: /how-to-instantiatiate-multiple-beans-dinamically-in-spring-boot-based-on-configuration-properties/
21 In this mini-HowTo I will show a way, how to instantiate multiple beans dinamically in Spring-Boot, depending on configuration-properties.
24 - write a **`ApplicationContextInitializer`** to add the beans to the context, before it is refreshed
25 - write a **`EnvironmentPostProcessor`** to access the configured configuration sources
26 - register the `EnvironmentPostProcessor` with Spring-Boot
28 ## Write an ApplicationContextInitializer
30 Additionally Beans can be added programatically very easy with the help of an `ApplicationContextInitializer`:
33 public class MultipleBeansApplicationContextInitializer
35 ApplicationContextInitializer
37 private final String[] sites;
39 public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext context)
41 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory factory =
42 context.getBeanFactory();
43 for (String site : sites)
45 SiteController controller =
46 new SiteController(site, "Descrition of site " + site);
47 factory.registerSingleton("/" + site, controller);
53 This simplified example is configured with a list of strings that should be registered as controllers with the `DispatcherServlet`.
54 All "sites" are insances of the same controller `SiteController`, which are instanciated and registered dynamically.
56 The instances are registered as beans with the method **`registerSingleton(String name, Object bean)`**
57 of a `ConfigurableListableBeanFactory` that can be accessed through the provided `ConfigurableApplicationContext`
59 The array of strings represents the accessed configuration properties in the simplified example.
60 The array will most probably hold more complex data-structures in a real-world application.
62 _But how do we get access to the configuration-parameters, that are injected in this array here...?_
64 ## Accessing the Configured Property-Sources
66 Instantiating and registering the additionally beans is easy.
67 The real problem is to access the configuration properties in the early plumbing-stage of the application-context, in that our `ApplicationContextInitializer` runs in:
69 _The initializer cannot be instantiated and autowired by Spring!_
71 **The Bad News:** In the early stage we are running in, we cannot use autowiring or access any of the other beans that will be instantiated by spring - especially not any of the beans, that are instantiated via `@ConfigurationProperties`, we are intrested in.
73 **The Good News:** We will present a way, how to access initialized instances of all property sources, that will be presented to your app
75 ## Write an EnvironmentPostProcessor
77 If you write an **`EnvironmentPostProcessor`**, you will get access to an instance of `ConfigurableEnvironment`, that contains a complete list of all `PropertySource`'s, that are configured for your Spring-Boot-App.
79 `public class MultipleBeansEnvironmentPostProcessor
81 EnvironmentPostProcessor
84 public void postProcessEnvironment(
85 ConfigurableEnvironment environment,
86 SpringApplication application)
89 environment.getRequiredProperty("juplo.sites", String.class);
90 application.addInitializers(
91 new MultipleBeansApplicationContextInitializer(
93 .stream(sites.split(","))
94 .map(site -> site.trim())
95 .toArray(size -> new String[size])));
101 Unfortunately, you have to scan all property-sources for the parameters, that you are interested in.
102 Also, all values are represented as stings in this early startup-phase of the application-context, because Spring's convenient conversion mechanisms are not available yet.
103 So, you have to convert any values by yourself and stuff them in more complex data-structures as needed.
106 The property names are consistently represented in standard Java-Properties-Notation, regardless of the actual type ( `.properties` / `.yml`) of the property source.
108 ## Register the EnvironmentPostProcessor
110 Finally, you have to [register](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/howto.html#howto-customize-the-environment-or-application-context "Read more on details and/or alternatives of the mechanism") the `EnvironmentPostProcessor` with your Spring-Boot-App.
111 This is done in the **`META-INF/spring.factories`**:
113 `org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor=\
114 de.juplo.demos.multiplebeans.MultipleBeansEnvironmentPostProcessor
117 **That's it, your done!**
121 You can find the whole source code in a working mini-application on juplo.de and GitHub:
123 - [/git/demos/multiple-beans/](/git/demos/multiple-beans/)
124 - [https://github.com/juplo/demos-multiple-beans](https://github.com/juplo/demos-multiple-beans)
126 ## Other Blog-Posts On The Topic
128 - The blog-post [Dynamic Beans in Spring](https://blog.pchudzik.com/201705/dynamic-beans/) shows a way to register beans dynamically, but does not show how to access the configuration. Also, meanwhile another interface was added to spring, that facilitates this approach: `BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor `
129 - Benjamin shows in [How To Create Your Own Dynamic Bean Definitions In Spring](https://comsystoreply.de/blog-post/how-to-create-your-own-dynamic-bean-definitions-in-spring), how this interface can be applied and how one can access the configuration. But his example only works with plain Spring in a Servlet Container